Resumen

OBJETIVO: Determinar los tipos histológicos, edad de manifestación y factores pronósticos en pacientes con tumores paratesticulares en un periodo de 10 años.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y observacional, llevado a cabo en el Servicio de Anatomía Patológica del Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga. Se analizaron las biopsias y piezas quirúrgicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de tumor paratesticular, evaluados entre enero de 2010 y diciembre de 2021. Se consideraron las variables: edad, tamaño, lateralidad, mitosis, necrosis y grado tumoral (FNCLCC). Se aplicó estadística descriptiva e inferencial (ANOVA, U de Mann-Whitney, correlación de Spearman y Kappa de Cohen).

RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 40 casos, con edad media de 46.6 años (16-77) y tamaño medio de 8.5 cm (1.8-25.2). El 55% (n = 22) de los pacientes tuvieron tumores malignos. Los tipos histológicos más frecuentes fueron liposarcomas (25%, n = 10), leiomiosarcomas (15%, n = 6) y tumores benignos, por ejemplo: adenomatoide (10%, n = 4) y lipomas/fibrolipomas (10%, n = 4). Se encontró una correlación positiva entre permeación vascular y mitosis atípicas (p = 0.036). El grado tumoral bajo se asoció significativamente con un tamaño mayor (p = 0.006). La concordancia diagnóstica entre revisores fue moderada (Kappa = 0.62).

CONCLUSIONES: En este estudio, la población afectada es más joven que la reportada internacionalmente. Las mitosis atípicas son un factor predictivo de permeación vascular. El liposarcoma es el sarcoma paratesticular más prevalente en nuestra serie.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Tumor paratesticular; Mitosis; Necrosis; Liposarcomas; Leiomisarcomas; Factores pronósticos.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the histological types, age of onset, and prognostic factors in patients with paratesticular tumors over a 10-year period.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective, descriptive, and observational study was conducted at the Pathology Department of the General Hospital of Mexico Dr. Eduardo Liceaga. Biopsies and surgical specimens from patients diagnosed with paratesticular tumors, evaluated between January 2010 and December 2021, were analyzed. The following variables were considered: age, size, laterality, mitosis, necrosis, and tumor grade (FNCLCC). Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied (ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman's correlation, and Cohen's Kappa). Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied (ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman's correlation, and Cohen's Kappa).

RESULTS: Forty cases were evaluated, with a mean age of 46.6 years (range 16–77) and a mean size of 8.5 cm (range 1.8–25.2). Fifty-five percent (n = 22) of the patients had malignant tumors. The most frequent histological types were liposarcomas (25%, n = 10), leiomyosarcomas (15%, n = 6), and benign tumors, such as adenomatoid (10%, n = 4) and lipomas/fibrolipomas (10%, n = 4). A positive correlation was found between vascular permeation and atypical mitoses (p = 0.036). Low tumor grade was significantly associated with larger size (p = 0.006). Inter-rater reliability was moderate (Kappa = 0.62).

CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the affected population is younger than that reported internationally. Atypical mitoses are a predictive factor for vascular permeation. Liposarcoma is the most prevalent paratesticular sarcoma in our series.

KEYWORDS: Paratesticular tumor; Mitosis; Necrosis; Liposarcomas; Leiomyosarcoma; Prognostic factors.